ʻElua ʻano o ka titanium o ka honua, ʻo ka rutile kekahi a ʻo ka ilmenite kekahi. ʻO Rutile kahi mineral maʻemaʻe i loaʻa ma mua o 90% titanium dioxide, a ʻo ka ʻike o ka hao a me ke kalapona i ka ilmenite he hapa a me ka hapalua.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ke ʻano hana ʻenehana no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka titanium ʻo ia ke hoʻololi i nā atomo oxygen i ka titanium dioxide me ke kinoea chlorine e hana ai i ka titanium chloride, a laila hoʻohana i ka magnesium ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻemi e hōʻemi i ka titanium. ʻO ka titanium i hana ʻia ma kēia ʻano he sponge-like, i kapa ʻia ʻo sponge titanium.
Hiki ke hana ʻia ka ʻōhuhi Titanium i mau ʻāpana titanium a me nā pā titanium no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana ma hope o ʻelua kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe. No laila, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻike o ka titanium ka iwa ma ka honua, ʻo ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana he paʻakikī loa, no laila ua kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai.
I kēia manawa, ʻo Australia ka ʻāina me ka waiwai nui o ka titanium ma ka honua, a ma hope o Kina. Eia kekahi, ʻo Rūsia, India a me ʻAmelika ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai titanium. Akā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka titanium o Kina, no laila pono e lawe ʻia mai i ka nui.
ʻO ka ʻoihana Titanium, ka hanohano o ka Soviet Union
I ka makahiki 1954, ua hoʻoholo ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Kuhina o ka Soviet Union e hana i kahi ʻoihana titanium, a ma 1955, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi hale hana magnesium-titanium tausani-toni VSMPO. I ka makahiki 1957, hui pū ʻo VSMPO me AVISMA aviation equipment factory a hoʻokumu i ka VSMPO-AVISMA titanium industry consortium, ʻo ia ka Avi Sima Titanium kaulana. ʻO ka ʻoihana titanium o ka Soviet Union mua ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua mai kona hoʻokumu ʻana, a ua hoʻoili piha ʻia e Russia a hiki i kēia manawa.
ʻO Avisma Titanium ka mea nui loa o ka honua holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. He ʻoihana hoʻohui ia mai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā mea maka a hiki i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea titanium, a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana titanium nui. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka Titanium ma mua o ke kila, akā ʻo kona conductivity wela he 1/4 wale nō o ke kila a me 1/16 o ka alumini. I ke kaʻina o ka ʻoki ʻana, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka wela, a he mea aloha ʻole ia i nā mea hana a me nā mea hana. ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ʻia nā alloys titanium ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea trace ʻē aʻe i ka titanium e hoʻokō i nā koi like ʻole.
Wahi a nā hiʻohiʻona o ka titanium, ua hana ka Soviet Union i ʻekolu mau ʻano o ka titanium alloys no nā kumu like ʻole. ʻO kekahi no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā papa, ʻo kekahi no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana, a ʻo kekahi no ka hana ʻana i nā paipu. E like me nā hoʻohana like ʻole, ua māhele ʻia nā mea titanium Lūkini i 490MPa, 580MPa, 680MPa, 780MPa ikaika māka. I kēia manawa, hāʻawi ʻia ʻo 40% o nā ʻāpana titanium a Boeing a ʻoi aku ma mua o 60% o nā mea titanium Airbus e Russia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-24-2022